Investment

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# .Huge[.Blue[**GLOBAL <br>INVESTMENT** <br> (& MNCs)]] <br><br> .orange[.Large[**GLOA 610**]]

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# .Huge[**Foreign Direct Investment**]

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# .Huge[**Foreign .red[Direct] Investment**]

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# .Huge[**Foreign Direct .yellow[Investment]**]

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# .bluey[.huge[**Multinational <br> Corporations**]]

# .Yellow[vertical] <br> .green[horizontal] <br> integrations

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# The origin (Frieden 1994): .red[colonization] vs. .blue[investment]?

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# site-specificity .red[high]

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# site-specificity .blue[low]

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# .Large[**Things to talk about:**]

# Does it .bluey[promote] development? How much?

# Are there .pink[bad] consequences? (human/labor rights?)

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# .large[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 576 512" style="height:1em;width:1.12em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:yellow;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M576 136c0 22.09-17.91 40-40 40c-.248 0-.4551-.1266-.7031-.1305l-50.52 277.9C482 468.9 468.8 480 453.3 480H122.7c-15.46 0-28.72-11.06-31.48-26.27L40.71 175.9C40.46 175.9 40.25 176 39.1 176c-22.09 0-40-17.91-40-40S17.91 96 39.1 96s40 17.91 40 40c0 8.998-3.521 16.89-8.537 23.57l89.63 71.7c15.91 12.73 39.5 7.544 48.61-10.68l57.6-115.2C255.1 98.34 247.1 86.34 247.1 72C247.1 49.91 265.9 32 288 32s39.1 17.91 39.1 40c0 14.34-7.963 26.34-19.3 33.4l57.6 115.2c9.111 18.22 32.71 23.4 48.61 10.68l89.63-71.7C499.5 152.9 496 144.1 496 136C496 113.9 513.9 96 536 96S576 113.9 576 136z"/></svg> Who are the <br top> hosts ?]

# .large[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:red;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 512C114.6 512 0 397.4 0 256C0 114.6 114.6 0 256 0C397.4 0 512 114.6 512 256C512 397.4 397.4 512 256 512zM232 256C232 264 236 271.5 242.7 275.1L338.7 339.1C349.7 347.3 364.6 344.3 371.1 333.3C379.3 322.3 376.3 307.4 365.3 300L280 243.2V120C280 106.7 269.3 96 255.1 96C242.7 96 231.1 106.7 231.1 120L232 256z"/></svg> Does it <br> change much?]

# .large[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:green;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 0C114.6 0 0 114.6 0 256s114.6 256 256 256s256-114.6 256-256S397.4 0 256 0zM232 152C232 138.8 242.8 128 256 128s24 10.75 24 24v128c0 13.25-10.75 24-24 24S232 293.3 232 280V152zM256 400c-17.36 0-31.44-14.08-31.44-31.44c0-17.36 14.07-31.44 31.44-31.44s31.44 14.08 31.44 31.44C287.4 385.9 273.4 400 256 400z"/></svg> Does it <br> matter?]

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# .large[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:green;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 0C114.6 0 0 114.6 0 256s114.6 256 256 256s256-114.6 256-256S397.4 0 256 0zM232 152C232 138.8 242.8 128 256 128s24 10.75 24 24v128c0 13.25-10.75 24-24 24S232 293.3 232 280V152zM256 400c-17.36 0-31.44-14.08-31.44-31.44c0-17.36 14.07-31.44 31.44-31.44s31.44 14.08 31.44 31.44C287.4 385.9 273.4 400 256 400z"/></svg> Does it <br> matter?]

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## - Oh, one .Blue[exception]

## - caveat: '.pink[foreign]' <br> investment

## - relevant to other <br>emerging markets

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# .Large[Whats's the overall picture like?]

# Any dramatic difference between .pink[developed] and .Green[developing] economies in terms of .Yellow[FDI in/out flows]?

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# FDI .green[net] inflow, USD, in 100 million USD

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![](GLOA610-investment_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png)
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# FDI, .Blue[per GDP] .tiny[(<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M223.1 32C223.1 14.33 238.3 0 255.1 0C273.7 0 288 14.33 288 32H441.4C445.6 32 449.7 33.69 452.7 36.69L500.7 84.69C506.9 90.93 506.9 101.1 500.7 107.3L452.7 155.3C449.7 158.3 445.6 160 441.4 160H63.1C46.33 160 31.1 145.7 31.1 128V64C31.1 46.33 46.33 32 63.1 32L223.1 32zM480 320C480 337.7 465.7 352 448 352H70.63C66.38 352 62.31 350.3 59.31 347.3L11.31 299.3C5.065 293.1 5.065 282.9 11.31 276.7L59.31 228.7C62.31 225.7 66.38 223.1 70.63 223.1H223.1V191.1H288V223.1H448C465.7 223.1 480 238.3 480 255.1V320zM255.1 512C238.3 512 223.1 497.7 223.1 480V384H288V480C288 497.7 273.7 512 255.1 512z"/></svg> how much of the .pink[national economy] does it account for?)]

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# .Large[It ain't .red[no] magic wand, <br> though it definitely helps .yellow[a lot]. ]

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# .Huge[**What attracts FDI?**]

# Büthe and Milner(2014)
 
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# .large[The effects: .times[.red[**Race-To-The-Bottom**]]???]

# - Does FDI improve/exacerbate .bluey[labor/human rights] conditions?

- .Large[.yellow[Blanton and Blanton (2007)]]

- .Large[.yellow[Malesky and Mosley (2018)]]

- .Large['California effect': norm transmission; human capital]

# - What about **.yellow[Chinese]** FDIs? (Yang 2023)

- .Large[.red[South]-.pink[South] .yellow[economic globalization???]]

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# Other (negative) consequences?

## .yellow[For example, wouldn't .pink[**MNCs**] incite strong backlash?]

### .bluey[Christensen (2019)]

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# .large[**At the end of the day ...**]

## - positive/negative effects <br> can be understood in business <br>standpoint

## - FDI: not inherently good or bad